As Apple’s valuation hit $2 trillion at the start of August 2020, it reminded many investors that technology is the investment they wished they had bought a decade earlier. While stocks can be a great way of profiting off the success of individual tech companies, exchange traded funds (ETFs) let you diversify your holdings by investing in multiple companies at once.
The speed at which technology can come into a new industry and change it forever means there are always opportunities to make money. Investors see examples like Amazon, which is worth around 200X more than it was in 2001, or Netflix, which multiplied its worth by 55X over 8 years, and want a piece of that growth for themselves.
Of course, technology is competitive. For every Amazon and Netflix, there is a tech company that doesn’t succeed. Technology stories aren’t always as compelling as they first appear, and companies need to be able to execute successfully on their ideas.
That said, in today’s environment, technology has become more important than ever, and there are probably more structural growth opportunities within technology than in any other sector. Most investors have long-term goals for their savings: they may be saving for retirement, or for their children’s university fees.
It makes sense, therefore, to future-proof an investment portfolio by aligning it with enduring structural trends. An investment in technology helps keep a portfolio focused firmly on the future.
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ETFs offer a range of options for both diversified and specialized exposure to technology. While technology ETFs are more expensive than index ETFs, they will usually come with a lower ongoing fee than an active funds. They are one of the cheapest ways to take broad exposure to a basket of technology companies.
At the same time, technology ETFs trade on an exchange. That means they have daily pricing and can be bought and sold moment to moment for a given price. This is different to mutual funds, which only trade once a day and where the sale price may not be clear. This means ETFs can be useful for taking quick decisions – such as selling out during a market crisis.
Diversification – ETF investors can get access to a broad range of technology shares or bonds with a relatively small upfront commitment. Depending on the brokerage platform, there may not even be a minimum amount required to invest. This means that investors don’t have to pick individual technology stocks, which can be risky.
A beginner’s guide to exchange-traded funds (ETFs)
| Response | Male | Female |
|---|---|---|
| Information Technology | 28.95% | 24.26% |
Anyone who holds an S&P 500 ETF will already have a significant chunk of their portfolio in technology. Around 30% of the index is in the technology sector, with Apple, Amazon, Microsoft and Facebook all among its top 10 holdings. However, if investors want faster growth, an industry-specific ETF can be an alternative option.
It should be said that many of the technology ETFs are weighted by market capitalization. That means you’re unlikely to get access to the next Amazon during its early growth phase. You’d only have meaningful exposure once the company hits a certain size. Nevertheless, technology ETFs have served investors well during both buoyant market conditions and in the sell-off following the pandemic, providing far more resilient than many would have believed.
Technology will have its winners and losers. As such, it can be easier to hold a diversified portfolio of technology names rather than trying to pick individual winners.
These are the key technology ETFs:
Most of these generalist technology ETFs will have the largest weightings in familiar names. The MSCI Information Technology index, which forms the basis for the Fidelity ETF for example, has an 18% weighting in Apple and another 15% in Microsoft. Other holdings include Visa, Nvidia, Mastercard and Salesforce.com. It’s worth noting that it doesn’t include Amazon, Facebook or Alphabet (owner of Google), bypassing the social media and ecommerce giants.
The TD Global Technology Leaders Index has a slightly different composition. Apple and Microsoft are only 12% and 11% respectively. Amazon, Facebook and Alphabet are all included, along with Tesla. Investors need to look closely at the composition of each ETF to understand whether they provide the technology exposure they want.
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Specialist ETFs are increasingly common. These can be a means to access niche areas and, potentially, uncover the next wave of growth. There are now ETFs available in the following areas:
The technology sector’s dramatic rise and fall may be 20-30 years ago, but it still looms large for many investors who lost money as technology stocks rose to stratospheric levels and then slumped. It has left an impression of a volatile sector, which is vulnerable to shifts in sentiment.
In recent years, that hasn’t been the case. Not only have technology stocks shown more reliable growth than many other sectors, they have benefited from a low interest rate environment. This is because the ‘risk-free’ rate in the market—the rate investors can hope to achieve without taking any investment risk—is lower. This pushes up the value of future cash flows and therefore higher growth stocks.
In fact, technology stocks have performed well throughout each stage of the cycle. In the recent crisis, they have outperformed other sectors both as markets sold off and as they recovered. This is unusual for any sector and particularly technology.
As such, technology stocks can look invulnerable. However, they are not immune to falls. As the largest and most liquid stocks in the market, technology names can be the first to sell off when markets wobble. Equally, it is worth noting that any technology investment will be significantly skewed to the US market, where most of the major technology names are listed. This can leave the sector vulnerable when sentiment towards the US shifts.
Equally, technology companies tend to have high growth expectations built into their prices. As such, share prices can fall if company earnings don’t keep pace with market opinion.
Technology has been a hugely successful investment in recent years. It remains relatively volatile, but recently it has performed well through a variety of market conditions. As technology becomes a larger part of the way we live and work, it becomes a more important part of the stock market. Although the sector can look expensive relative to other sectors, its faster growth justifies a premium to the wider market.
That said, there will be winners and losers, so it is worth taking a diversified approach. Technology investment is a useful way to ‘future proof’ your portfolio. Want to learn more about stock trading? Check out our detailed guide.
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